Method of laying brick



0'. E. A'VAN. METHOD OF LAYING BRICK. APPLICATION FIVLED MAY 13, 1922.

1,438,679. I Patented Dec.12, 1922.'

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INVE/VTDR CHARLES EA VAN 'CQiE AVA-N. METHOD 0F LAYING BRICK,

APPLICATION FILED MAY 13,1922- 1,438,679.- Patented 1 1922.-

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m I Alf/ll IIIIIII/IIIA '4 lNVE/VTUR CHA RLES EA VAN Patented Dec. 112, llQZZ.

. r S l ie nane CHARLES AVAN, OF LOS AIiTGELES, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR T0 JESSE G. MARTIN, JR.,

OF SAN FBANCISGQ, CALIFORNIA.

METHOD OF LAYING BRICK.

Application filed May 13,

To all whom it may-concern:

Be it known that I, Cimnnns Avan, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Los .Angeles, county of Los iilngeles, State of California, have invented new and usetul improvements in the Method of Laying Brick.

The hereinafter described invention relates particularly to the laying of firebox 7 ing; the bottom closure of a locomotive hydro-carbon fuel burning firebox in which heretofore it has been the practice in setting the fire brick therein to use a single kind of joint mortar made of ground fire clay, or a combination of ground clay and ground brick to temper the clay against shrinkage.

The pan 3 in which the brick, or blocks, are set is commonly constructed of steel plates with angle-iron reinforcement riveted tl-iereto, although the pans may be made of welded steel plates, or by casting.

The pan is supported from the mud ring 4 of the locomotive firebox, and the ground or prepared joint mortar is set between the pan and the brick, as well as between the brick for jointing between the same, being spread with a trowel in the usual manner, the density or consistency of the mortar mix being the same, whether used between the pan and the brick as at 5, or between the brick 6 themselves. The general practice being; the use of riveted steel pans, a considerable amount of joint mortar is required, and at present used, to cover the rivet heads and projecting plates at their juncture, and it is in forming a superior backing for the brick next the steel pan, as well as a better jointing material between the brick at a less erpense and in a more expeditious manner to meet the exacting requirements of locomotive oil fired furnaces with their vibratory movement, that the advantages of my im- 1922 Serial No. 560,791.

proved method stand out even more prominently than in the stationary metallic cased refractory linings, whereit is equally applicable, such as forge and heat treating furnaces, or the like.

The practice now prevailing particularly in locomotive oil burning furnaces of using a single consistency of ground joint mortar, or prepared material, normally sufficiently fluid to beapplied with a trowel is objectionable in that through the j arand vibration of the locomotive the brick work is caused to loosen in its setting and the bricks, to fall into the flame-way of the combustion chamben which is not alone expensive in cost of brick and its maintenance, but frequently causes engine failures'in road service as steam cannot be maintained in the locomotive boiler as required, with brick precipitated in. the path of the hydrocarbon flame injected through the burner.

This failure in the brick work to remain set in place is brought about through the disintegration or pulverizing of the ground joint mortar material used between the pan terial to" withstand the service conditions .95

obtaining, which involve excessive jar and vibration; and it is one of the purposes of my invention to overcome the inefliciency of the pre sent method of laying lire brick or blocks in locomotivemetallic pans by elimi- 100 hating a singz'leconsistency of backing and jointing material and providing in the place thereof a material] ofone consistency for backing, and of another consistency for jointing, the backing material being of 105 greater density than the jointing material, so that the backing material will not disintegrate, powder or break up through the jar of service, and which backing material can, by thinning with water, he reduced in 110 and the brick, the mortar sifting or settling it backing material 5 between" the Y brick I the metal which; on account of its relatively out the province of the mason setting the brick to apply thick mortar joints between the brick, and at the same time provides a stiffor non-fluid} nature, beds itself into cracks or openings in the metallic housing thereby 'tending to form a joint for the elimination ofn'forei-gn air currents into the combustion 'chamber which detract from fuel' 'econoni-y I= have' fou-nd-thati plastic fire clays as mined provide an excellent and inexpensive material Eton? the purposes of my invention,

the lump clay -beingreadily slacked with its stiff, plastic water, or In adeplasti c in conveniently made vats,

being-saturated clear through and prepared 'sothati iti'splastic, but stiff, to work.

In this' condit-ion i-tmaybest be termed *stiff or backing-clay mud, and in prac- -t1ce1t is spread-ortamped intoi place to cover the rivets or pro ections of the pan,

requiring-some, little effort, on account of nature, to bed over the project'ions in-maki-ng a good, level backing for the tune The clay for use between. the brick? may 'bebest t med soft or dipping mhd, being I dil-utionorreduction in den sity of -the' stiff, pla'sticmud. In practice, I

find it desirable in the use, of some plastic era ato dilute-the stiff mind with saltwater,

--'orfi'uxi'ng agent, in preparingthe soft mud, 40

so that the dip will vitrify andform a bonding between thef'brick tobest meet the tem- 'pei ature' conditions ofthe fire box, itobviously" being ofmaterial advantage to bond -the joiht's betWeen the bricks by reducing the fusion-point of the soft dipping mud, if the fusion point of the plastic clay used is known-by! test to be considerably higher than thefurnace temperatures obtaining, as

'--'otlie"rwi se itwould notserve the purpose as efficiently. 7

- The preferred material "to be usedcarr -ingfcaa'; the methods of my invention -is one in anniiiiimum of-grit, such as-free silica; *orsand existeand 1n which one kind of material {only-needbe used-for forming bththe sti-ftand soft mud, on account; of its small ,c'os'tandeasy preparation, although two-different materials, both of different and density-one for forming the stiff or backing mud, and the other for forming the soft or dipping mud-can be used in serving the purpose of my invention. For example: The plastic clay made stiff, can be used as a backing next the steel pan and a wash or soft mud 'ointing material of a character that would better withstand the temperature conditions of the furnace than the diluted stiff mud, could be usedas a dip for ointing between the brick, without departing from the principle of my invention.

lVhat I claim is:

1. The method of laying brick in a metallic casing, which brick when laid, are set in non fluid and fluid plastic clay consisting of placing the non fluid plastic clay between the casingand the brick whereby to form a backing for the brick and dipping the brick in the fluid plastic clay whereby to form a joint therebetween. a

2. The method of laying brick in a metal lic casing, which brickwhen laid,- are set'in material of two densities. consisting of placing the material of greater density between the casing and the brick to form a backing for the brick and dipping the brick in the material of lesser density to form a joint therebet-ween. a

3. The method of laying brick in'a metallic fire boi; casing, which brick when laid are set in clay material of two densities, consisting of placing the material of greater density between the casing and the brick to form a backing for the brick and covering the co-acting faces of the brick in the material of lesser density to form a joint therebetw een. I p

4.- The method of laying brick in a metal lic firebox casing, which brickwhen laid are set in plastic clay material of two densities, consisting of placing the plastic clay material of greater density between the casing and the brick whereby to form a backing for the brick and covering the co-acting-faces of the brick in the plastic clay material of lesser density to form a jointtherebetweeu.

5. A. structure adapted for use as a fire box comprising a metallic housing, a brick lining for saidhous ing], a Still plastic clay backing material between said brick and Said housing'and a fluid plastic clay ointing material between said brick.

GHARLES AVAN,

waitresse CHAs. F. WADAK, J. (l. Mrln'riii, Jr. 

